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An Analysis of the Concept of “Victory” in Modern Warfare: With a Focus on the U.S.–Iran War
Lee Cheol-young (Director, International Affairs Research Group) In wars of the past, the concept of victory was clear. Historically, in conventional interstate warfare, victory was defined by physical events that could be clearly witnessed on the battlefield, such as the unconditional surrender of the enemy state, the fall of its capital, the loss of territory, or the conclusion of a treaty formally ratifying its military defeat. Classical strategic thinkers, including Carl
AI Era and the Life of Christians
Han Maeum (Guest researcher) Abstract With the release of OpenAI's ChatGPT in 2022, the winds of another great technological revolution began to sweep across the world. Whereas previous technologies connected people to other people, AI can be said to have opened a new era of technological revolution by connecting people and machines. In this context, we are once again compelled to reconsider the question of what it means to be human. This article began from the concern of ho
AI and International Politics, Economics, and Missions
Lee Cheol-young (Director, International Affairs Research Group) Abstract Drawing upon Yuval Harari's Nexus, Henry Kissinger's The Age of AI, and Daron Acemoglu's Power and Progress, this paper examines, from an integrated political, security, and economic perspective, the macro-level implications that the paradigm shift brought about by artificial intelligence (AI) will have on the future missionary environment. Politically, it warns that AI's opaque black-box algorithms an
An Analysis of the Concept of “Victory” in Modern Warfare: With a Focus on the U.S.–Iran War
Lee Cheol-young (Director, International Affairs Research Group) In wars of the past, the concept of victory was clear. Historically, in conventional interstate warfare, victory was defined by physical events that could be clearly witnessed on the battlefield, such as the unconditional surrender of the enemy state, the fall of its capital, the loss of territory, or the conclusion of a treaty formally ratifying its military defeat. Classical strategic thinkers, including Carl
Modern Arab Islamist Theology and a Turning Point: Focusing on the Muslim Brotherhood
Jin Hyunji (Middle East Arab Research Association) 1. Introduction In the modern Arab world, Islamism is generally defined as “a modern political ideology and movement that seeks to construct a state and society consistent with Sharia by making Islamic beliefs and norms the central principles of political, legal, and social order” (Shepard, 1987; Tibi, 2007). Based on this definition, modern Islamism can be categorized into several types according to two axes—whether it uses
Characteristics of Traditional Turkish Islam and Its Transformation in the Context of Modernization
Lee Ji-eun (Asia Minor Research Association) 1. Introduction Türkiye is a democratic republic that constitutionally adopts secularism as the fundamental ideology of the state. The state has taken the separation of politics and religion as a principle and has restricted the direct intervention of religion in the public sphere. Nevertheless, the vast majority of the population is Muslim, and the identity perception of “Turk = Muslim” is widely shared throughout society. This
A Study on the Causes of the Decline of the North African Church after the Islamic Conquest
Jung Hae-won(Head of the African Studies Association) 1. Introduction to the North African Region Figure 1 . Map of North Africa Note. Map of North Africa | Download Scientific Diagram North Africa generally refers to five countries with shared historical backgrounds and political-economic alliances: Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Libya, and Mauritania. These nations are part of the Arab Maghreb Union (UMA), an organization aimed at establishing a single market. A common m
The Need for Business Missions and Its Practical Operation as Experienced by a Field Missionary
Song‑won Kim(Africa Research Association) Abstract This article discusses the need for business missions as experienced while planting churches in the field, and the practical operations that followed. It describes the connection between church-planting ministry and business, approaches to business and finances as a missionary, the beginning of actual entrepreneurial efforts, and the preparations needed to conduct business in the field. Additionally, it mentions various bu
The Concept of Ethnicity in the Bible and the Contemporary Significance of Genetic Research
Cheol-young Lee Head of the International Affairs Research Association The question “What is a nation?” has produced diverse definitions...
China’s National Strategy and the Outlook for the International Order
Professor Minho Ma (Director of the Global Mission Institute, Handong Global University) Chapter 1. Introduction Today’s international order has moved beyond a simple shift in the balance of power among great powers and entered an era of structural competition over who designs the fundamental rules and standards that govern the world. Whereas past conflicts often unfolded separately in military-political and economic domains, the current U.S.–China hegemonic rivalry conver
Islam That Gently Took Root, Churches That Remained Static: Indonesian Islam and the Trajectories of Christian Mission
Young-ung Park (Member of the Acean Studies Association), Cheol-young Lee (Head of the International Affairs Research Association), Ji-eun Lee (Editorial Board) Indonesia, home to the world’s largest Muslim population and an expansive plural society encompassing hundreds of islands and cultures, offers a crucial setting for examining how religion and culture shape social life. In this context, Islam did not spread through warfare or coercion, as occurred in various other r
Cappadocia – Early Christian Heritage Sites of Türkiye
Jun-woo Son, Jae-hyun Park, Sang-o Geum, and Ji-eun Lee Members of the Asia Minor Studies Association Cappadocia is mentioned twice in the Bible: Acts 2:9 and 1 Peter 1:1. From these passages we learn that an early Christian church existed in Cappadocia, and even today numerous church ruins remain as evidence of its presence. The relics of Cappadocia reveal what the lives and faith of early Christians and their successors were like and continue to offer deep insight for belie
The Changing Spiritual Landscape of Europe — Focusing on Italy
Cheol-young Lee Head of the International Affairs Research Association When people think of Europe, they often envision magnificent...
Chechnya - The Pain of War Reflected in Folk Songs
Young-rae Cho Head of the Russian Ethnic Minority Studies Association Chechnya is located in the northern part of the Caucasus Mountains,...
Liberalism and Evangelism
Cheol-young Lee Head of the International Affairs Research Association Introduction Humanity has long lived in an era dominated by...
An Analysis of the Concept of “Victory” in Modern Warfare: With a Focus on the U.S.–Iran War
Lee Cheol-young (Director, International Affairs Research Group) In wars of the past, the concept of victory was clear. Historically, in conventional interstate warfare, victory was defined by physical events that could be clearly witnessed on the battlefield, such as the unconditional surrender of the enemy state, the fall of its capital, the loss of territory, or the conclusion of a treaty formally ratifying its military defeat. Classical strategic thinkers, including Carl
China’s National Strategy and the Outlook for the International Order
Professor Minho Ma (Director of the Global Mission Institute, Handong Global University) Chapter 1. Introduction Today’s international order has moved beyond a simple shift in the balance of power among great powers and entered an era of structural competition over who designs the fundamental rules and standards that govern the world. Whereas past conflicts often unfolded separately in military-political and economic domains, the current U.S.–China hegemonic rivalry conver
Iranian Regime at the Brink — Is Spring Coming to Iran?
Ju-el Yun (Member of Persian Studies Association) Captured Image from Protest Footage in Tehran Escalating Protests and the Regime’s Double Game Protests that began in late 2025 among market merchants in Tehran have now entered their third week. What started locally has spread nationwide and continues to intensify. In response, the Iranian regime’s crackdown has grown increasingly brutal. From the perspective of a minister who has served among the people for many years, the c
An Analysis of the Concept of “Victory” in Modern Warfare: With a Focus on the U.S.–Iran War
Lee Cheol-young (Director, International Affairs Research Group) In wars of the past, the concept of victory was clear. Historically, in conventional interstate warfare, victory was defined by physical events that could be clearly witnessed on the battlefield, such as the unconditional surrender of the enemy state, the fall of its capital, the loss of territory, or the conclusion of a treaty formally ratifying its military defeat. Classical strategic thinkers, including Carl
AI and International Politics, Economics, and Missions
Lee Cheol-young (Director, International Affairs Research Group) Abstract Drawing upon Yuval Harari's Nexus, Henry Kissinger's The Age of AI, and Daron Acemoglu's Power and Progress, this paper examines, from an integrated political, security, and economic perspective, the macro-level implications that the paradigm shift brought about by artificial intelligence (AI) will have on the future missionary environment. Politically, it warns that AI's opaque black-box algorithms an
Modern Arab Islamist Theology and a Turning Point: Focusing on the Muslim Brotherhood
Jin Hyunji (Middle East Arab Research Association) 1. Introduction In the modern Arab world, Islamism is generally defined as “a modern political ideology and movement that seeks to construct a state and society consistent with Sharia by making Islamic beliefs and norms the central principles of political, legal, and social order” (Shepard, 1987; Tibi, 2007). Based on this definition, modern Islamism can be categorized into several types according to two axes—whether it uses
AI Era and the Life of Christians
Han Maeum (Guest researcher) Abstract With the release of OpenAI's ChatGPT in 2022, the winds of another great technological revolution began to sweep across the world. Whereas previous technologies connected people to other people, AI can be said to have opened a new era of technological revolution by connecting people and machines. In this context, we are once again compelled to reconsider the question of what it means to be human. This article began from the concern of ho
AI and International Politics, Economics, and Missions
Lee Cheol-young (Director, International Affairs Research Group) Abstract Drawing upon Yuval Harari's Nexus, Henry Kissinger's The Age of AI, and Daron Acemoglu's Power and Progress, this paper examines, from an integrated political, security, and economic perspective, the macro-level implications that the paradigm shift brought about by artificial intelligence (AI) will have on the future missionary environment. Politically, it warns that AI's opaque black-box algorithms an
Response to Song-won Kim’s Article
Cheol-Young Lee (Head of the International Affairs Research Association) First, I want to express my deep gratitude to Teacher Kim Kwon-se for writing such a valuable piece. In your writing, I could strongly feel your heartfelt love for the local people and their souls, and it made me reflect on how much thought and prayer you must have offered while witnessing the bleak reality in Tunisia. Although I cannot claim to be an expert in BAM (Business as Mission), I would like
An Analysis of the Concept of “Victory” in Modern Warfare: With a Focus on the U.S.–Iran War
Lee Cheol-young (Director, International Affairs Research Group) In wars of the past, the concept of victory was clear. Historically, in conventional interstate warfare, victory was defined by physical events that could be clearly witnessed on the battlefield, such as the unconditional surrender of the enemy state, the fall of its capital, the loss of territory, or the conclusion of a treaty formally ratifying its military defeat. Classical strategic thinkers, including Carl
AI Era and the Life of Christians
Han Maeum (Guest researcher) Abstract With the release of OpenAI's ChatGPT in 2022, the winds of another great technological revolution began to sweep across the world. Whereas previous technologies connected people to other people, AI can be said to have opened a new era of technological revolution by connecting people and machines. In this context, we are once again compelled to reconsider the question of what it means to be human. This article began from the concern of ho
AI and International Politics, Economics, and Missions
Lee Cheol-young (Director, International Affairs Research Group) Abstract Drawing upon Yuval Harari's Nexus, Henry Kissinger's The Age of AI, and Daron Acemoglu's Power and Progress, this paper examines, from an integrated political, security, and economic perspective, the macro-level implications that the paradigm shift brought about by artificial intelligence (AI) will have on the future missionary environment. Politically, it warns that AI's opaque black-box algorithms an
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